Solution for Tunnel Collapse with Sand Inrush and Water Seepage

In tunnel construction using NATM, TBM, or shield tunneling methods, geological hazards in surrounding rock - such as siltstone, clay, fine sandstone, mudstone, pebble strata, schist, or weathered rock formations (typically Class IV or V unstable rock masses) - frequently lead to face or sidewall collapse incidents. These accidents cause property damage, personnel injuries, and prolonged construction delays, significantly jeopardizing tunnel safety and project timelines.